See also:

• Science: Biology: Genetics: Eukaryotic: Animal: Mammal: Human: Population  (23)

• DNA Heritage - A commercial laboratory specializing in Y-chromosome testing for genealogists. US office in Rochester, New York, and UK office in Weymouth, Dorset.
• Family Tree DNA - Establishing DNA fingerprints for the purpose of determining ancestral pedigrees. Testing is available to both amateur and professional genealogists. Headquarters in Houston, Texas.
• Geo Gene - Using DNA obtained through a simple mouth swab to trace lineages back more than 100,000 years. Offices in the US and UK.
• Oxford Ancestors - A venture backed by Oxford University to harness the power and precision of modern genetics in the service of genealogy.
• Relative Genetics - Genetic genealogy applies DNA testing to paper-based, genealogical research. A business unit of Sorenson Genomics, located in Salt Lake City, Utah.